2025
Schäfer, Harper; Heimbs, Sebastian; Schmidt, Carsten
In: Materials & Design, 2025.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Schlagwörter: Joint separation, LM-PAEK, Low-melting poly(aryl ether ketone), Resistance welding, Thermoplastic composites
@article{Schäfer2025,
title = {Parameter optimisation of resistance welding and separation process of thermoplastic composite joints using carbon-fibre-reinforced low-melting poly(aryl ether ketone) (CF/LM-PAEK)},
author = {Harper Schäfer and Sebastian Heimbs and Carsten Schmidt},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752501233X?utm_campaign=STMJ_220042_AUTH_SERV_PA&utm_medium=email&utm_acid=91507132&SIS_ID=&dgcid=STMJ_220042_AUTH_SERV_PA&CMX_ID=&utm_in=DM598711&utm_source=AC_},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114813},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-09-24},
urldate = {2025-09-24},
journal = {Materials & Design},
abstract = {This study presents an investigation of both the joining and controlled disassembly of resistance-welded carbon-fibre-reinforced low-melting poly(aryl ether ketone) (CF/LM-PAEK) thermoplastic composite joints. A Taguchi design of experiments followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to explore the effects of welding time, power and pressure on lap-shear strength. Optimised welding parameters—35 s, 140 W and 0.6 MPa—produce a lap-shear strength of (50.5 1.5) MPa. Subsequent annealing at 190 C (cooling rate 5 C/min) increases strength to (63.2 1.5) MPa.
Disassembly trials are carried out via resistance heating. By applying 2–3 V to the heating element, different weld-zone temperatures are generated, and the influence of temperature and cross-head speed on joint separation is assessed. An operational window for successful disassembly is identified at a traverse speed of 175 mm/min and a temperature of 285 C. Under these conditions, the joint cleanly separates into the heating element and the adherends without visible heat-induced deformation of the laminates. The residual separation force is (371 125) N, corresponding to a 98 % loss of mechanical strength. These results demonstrate an efficient cycle of welding and disassembly for CF/LM-PAEK composites, laying the groundwork for part exchange, reuse and recycling in lightweight-structure applications.},
keywords = {Joint separation, LM-PAEK, Low-melting poly(aryl ether ketone), Resistance welding, Thermoplastic composites},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study presents an investigation of both the joining and controlled disassembly of resistance-welded carbon-fibre-reinforced low-melting poly(aryl ether ketone) (CF/LM-PAEK) thermoplastic composite joints. A Taguchi design of experiments followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to explore the effects of welding time, power and pressure on lap-shear strength. Optimised welding parameters—35 s, 140 W and 0.6 MPa—produce a lap-shear strength of (50.5 1.5) MPa. Subsequent annealing at 190 C (cooling rate 5 C/min) increases strength to (63.2 1.5) MPa.
Disassembly trials are carried out via resistance heating. By applying 2–3 V to the heating element, different weld-zone temperatures are generated, and the influence of temperature and cross-head speed on joint separation is assessed. An operational window for successful disassembly is identified at a traverse speed of 175 mm/min and a temperature of 285 C. Under these conditions, the joint cleanly separates into the heating element and the adherends without visible heat-induced deformation of the laminates. The residual separation force is (371 125) N, corresponding to a 98 % loss of mechanical strength. These results demonstrate an efficient cycle of welding and disassembly for CF/LM-PAEK composites, laying the groundwork for part exchange, reuse and recycling in lightweight-structure applications.
Disassembly trials are carried out via resistance heating. By applying 2–3 V to the heating element, different weld-zone temperatures are generated, and the influence of temperature and cross-head speed on joint separation is assessed. An operational window for successful disassembly is identified at a traverse speed of 175 mm/min and a temperature of 285 C. Under these conditions, the joint cleanly separates into the heating element and the adherends without visible heat-induced deformation of the laminates. The residual separation force is (371 125) N, corresponding to a 98 % loss of mechanical strength. These results demonstrate an efficient cycle of welding and disassembly for CF/LM-PAEK composites, laying the groundwork for part exchange, reuse and recycling in lightweight-structure applications.